| Color Optical Sorter | Separates glass by visible color, such as clear, green, and amber. | RGB or other visible-light cameras capture the color of individual glass pieces; image-processing software compares readings with configured acceptance criteria. | Feed hopper, vibrating feeder, conveyor or chute, illumination system, camera, image processor, air-ejector valves, and collection bins. | Cleaned, size-graded cullet in container-glass recycling and color-specific batch preparation. | Consistent presentation and suitable particle sizing help reduce overlap and improve reliable detection. |
| Ceramic, Stone, and Porcelain (CSP) Sorter | Removes non-glass particles that can remain after crushing and screening. | Camera-based optical systems identify visible differences in color, brightness, or surface appearance. Some systems use additional sensors depending on the material and application. | Metering feeder, inspection zone, cameras and lighting, image-processing unit, air-ejection system, and separate reject and product chutes. | Processed container-glass cullet where ceramic fragments, stones, or porcelain could affect remelting and product quality. | Detection performance depends on particle size, surface condition, lighting, and how clearly contaminants differ from the glass. |
| Metal Contaminant Separator | Removes ferrous or non-ferrous metal pieces from glass streams. | Magnetic separation captures ferrous metals; eddy-current systems can separate conductive non-ferrous metals. The appropriate method depends on the metal and feed. | Magnet or magnetic drum, or an eddy-current rotor and conveyor, plus feed-control and collection equipment. | Mixed cullet and recovered glass streams that may contain wire, caps, or other metal fragments. | Magnetic and eddy-current equipment separates metals; it does not sort glass by color. |
| X-ray-Based Sorter | Separates selected contaminants or glass fractions that differ in X-ray response from the surrounding material. | X-ray transmission measurements identify differences related to material density and composition; the sorting criteria must be configured for the specific feed. | X-ray source, detector array, material-transport system, shielding, image-processing controls, and mechanical or air-ejection unit. | Specialized cullet applications where optical appearance alone does not provide adequate separation. | Performance depends on contaminant composition, particle thickness, overlap, and the sorter’s validated application settings. |
| Size-Grading Screen | Classifies glass particles into size ranges and removes undersize or oversize material. | Mechanical screening separates particles according to aperture size; it does not identify glass color or material composition. | Screen deck or vibrating sieve, mesh panels, drive unit, feed chute, and separate size-fraction outlets. | Crushed glass before or after optical sorting, where a controlled particle-size range is needed. | Screen openings, feed rate, and particle shape influence the resulting size fractions. |
| Combined Optical Sorting Line | Performs more than one separation task, such as color sorting and contaminant removal, in a coordinated process. | Uses one or more sensor types, such as visible-light cameras and application-specific additional sensors. | Feed and distribution equipment, sensor modules, control software, compressed-air supply, ejectors, conveyors, and product and reject outlets. | Recycling facilities processing cullet that requires multiple quality-control stages. | System layout should match the feed’s particle size, throughput needs, contaminant profile, and required product quality. |